Churn



(No Model.)

B. E. BIRGKHEAD. GHURN.

No. 458.442. Patented Aug. 25, 1891.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD EVERETT BIROKHEAD, OF GALLOIVAYS, MARYLAND.

CHURN,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 458,442, dated August 25, 1891.

Application filed February 13, 1891. Serial No. 381,329. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD EVERETT BIRCKHEAD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Galloways,in the county of Anne Arundel and State of Maryland,haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in ghurns, of which the following is a specificalon.

My invention relates to churns, more particularly to the class of churns employing a vertical rotary dasher, and has for its object to provide a head for such a churn which may be used on vessels of different sizes, and adapted particularly to ordinary glass jars, such as are used for preserving fruit.

In using to advantage most of the churns on the market it is necessary to employ some considerable quantity of cream, and they are thus not adapted for use in a small family; but by employing the top constructed as described and shown herein a small jar may be used for a small quantity of cream, or a larger amount may be worked in another vessel, so that the farmer may have two or three sizes of churns at the cost of one.

In the drawings annexed to and hereby made a part of this specification, which represent an embodiment of my invention, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved churn complete. Fig. 2 is a plan of the top inverted; and Fig. 3 shows two views, a section and a front elevation, of the clip used to secure thetop to the jar or other vessel.

A is an ordinary glass jar having a head, lip, or similar projection 13 around its neck. Within it rotates a suitable dasher M, connected by gearing of any kind with the handle E. I have shown gears D D D ,but it is immaterial what form is used.

C is the top, having fixed to its under side a circular piece J, through which passes a bearing K for the shaft of the dasher. Various sizes of dasher can be employed, the shafts being squared to fit the hole in the pinion D, or any other suitable means of detachably securing them may be used. The top C has surrounding the circular piece J a broad washer I, of any suitable material, but preferably of soft rubber. The piece J is small enough to fit inside of a pint jar, while the washer is wide enough to cover the mouth of a half-gallon or gallon vessel. At the side of the head are the clips F F, secured by the thumb-screws G G, passing through nuts H H, sunk in the cover. These clips have slot-s engaging the thumb-screws, allowing vertical adjustment, and their horizontal adjust ment is provided for by the screws themselves. They also have a lip L, engaging with the head of the'churn-body and made preferably of soft rubber, though wood might also be used.

The manner of using this top is as follows: YVhen a large jar is used, the thumb-screws are run out as far as may be necessary and a dasher suitable in size inserted. After placing the top on the jar the clips are pressed up until the lip L engages with the bead B, and the thumb-screws are turned home until each clip binds firmly.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and wish to protect by Letters Patent of the United States, is

In a churn, a dasher and means for operating it, in combination with a cover or top (3, provided with the broad washer I, adapted to seal vessels of various sizes, and clips F F, vertically adjustable by means of slots and horizontally adjustable by means of thumbscrews and having lips L L, adapted to engage suitable projections on a jar or other vessel, and thus secure the cover to the jar, all substantially as described and shown.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD EVERETT BIROKHEAD.

Witnesses;

WV. F. CHILDs, WM. IRELAND. 

